PAKISTAN
Ongoing vulnerabilities limit the economic potential
D4
HIGH RISK for enterprise
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Economic risk
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Business environment risk
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Political risk
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Commercial risk
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Financing risk
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Economic risk
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Business environment risk
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Political risk
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Commercial risk
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Financing risk
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| GDP | USD263.68bn (World ranking 43, World Bank 2020) |
| Population | 220.892mn (World ranking 5, World Bank 2020) |
| Form of state | Federal Parliamentary Republic |
| Head of government | Imran Khan (President) |
| Next elections | 2023, presidential and legislative (National Assembly) |
- Large domestic market
- Strategic location, in principle, neighboring both China and India
- Despite often strained relations, continued support by the US and multilateral agencies (IMF)
- Strong hard currency remittances
- Susceptibility to natural disasters and dependence on rain-fed agriculture
- Substantial domestic and regional security risks (social unrest, tensions with India over Kashmir, border with Afghanistan)
- Low per capita income and high poverty levels
- Large fiscal deficits and high level of public debt
- Low foreign exchange reserves (just around two months import cover in 2019)
- High exchange rate vulnerability and inflationary risk
- Weak business environment
Trade structure by destination/origin
(% of total, 2020)
| Exports | Rank | Imports |
|---|---|---|
|
United States
18.6%
|
1 |
27.3%
China
|
|
China
8.4%
|
2 |
9.8%
United Arab Emirates
|
|
United Kingdom
7.8%
|
3 |
5.6%
United States
|
|
Germany
6.3%
|
4 |
5.3%
Indonesia
|
|
United Arab Emirates
4.9%
|
5 |
4.1%
Saudi Arabia
|
Trade structure by product
(% of total, 2020)
| Exports | Rank | Imports |
|---|---|---|
|
Textile yarn and related products
32.0%
|
1 |
14.3%
Petroleum, petroleum products and related materials
|
|
Articles of apparel & clothing accessories
27.8%
|
2 |
5.3%
Gas, natural and manufactured
|
|
Cereals and cereal preparations
9.8%
|
3 |
4.8%
Fixed vegetable oils and fats, crude, refined or fractionated
|
|
Vegetables and fruits
3.4%
|
4 |
4.5%
Textiles fibres and their wastes
|
|
Non-ferrous metals
2.0%
|
5 |
4.5%
Telecommunication and sound recording apparatus
|
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